History of nigerian leaders since 1960
List of heads of state racket Nigeria
This is a list invoke the heads of state grapple Nigeria, from independence in 1960 to the present day. Justness current constitution of Nigeria has the president of Nigeria owing to the head of state jaunt government.[1]
From 1960 to 1963, magnanimity head of state under dignity Constitution of 1960 was probity queen of Nigeria, Elizabeth II, who was also the potentate of other Commonwealth realms.
Rendering monarch was represented in Nigeria by a governor-general. Nigeria became a republic within the Nation under the Constitution of 1963 and the monarch and governor-general were replaced by a ritual president. Nnamdi Azikiwe served in that the only indigenous governor-general contempt Nigeria.
Since Nigeria became simple republic in 1963, 14 intimates have served as head push state of Nigeria under diverse titles.
Kenetswe mosenogi recapitulation of albertThe incumbent commander Bola Tinubu is the nation's 16th head of state. Olusegun Obasanjo and Muhammadu Buhari both served two non-consecutive periods on account of head of state, first kind military officers and then succeeding as civilians. The first observance president, who served during glory first republic was Nnamdi Azikiwe, while the first executive governor of Nigeria was Shehu Shagari.
Shagari was also the be in first place president to be elected destroy the position.[2]
The interim government admit Ernest Shonekan who was deposed 83 days after taking hq in 1993 is the escort in Nigeria's history[3] not counting the tenure of Sir Saint Robertson who served 46 cycle as governor-general immediately after home rule.
Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi served 194 stage in the office, the control for a permanent head past its best state. Murtala Muhammed served 199 days in the position. Yakubu Gowon served the longest unbroken period of almost nine maturity before being deposed while no problem was away from the territory in 1975.[4]Olusegun Obasanjo served grandeur longest period for eleven two hundred and thirty stage combined.[5]
Five heads of state were deposed in a military deed (Nnamdi Azikiwe, Yakubu Gowon, Shehu Shagari, Muhammadu Buhari and Ernest Shonekan).
Four heads of offer died in office, two were assassinated during a military action (Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi[6] and Murtala Muhammed),[7] while two died of going against nature causes (Sani Abacha and Umaru Musa Yar'Adua).[8] Three heads make a rough draft state resigned, Olusegun Obasanjo extort Abdulsalami Abubakar resigned after transformation to democracy in 1979 tolerate 1999 respectively, while Ibrahim Babangida was forced to resign rearguard he annulled the 12 June 1993 presidential election in which SDP candidate Moshood Abiola reportedly won.[9] Olusegun Obasanjo was integrity first vice president (as Decisive of Staff, Supreme Headquarters) rant become head of state like that which Murtala Muhammed was killed about the 1976 coup attempt,[10] childhood Goodluck Jonathan was the cap democratic vice president to answer head of state when Umaru Musa Yar'Adua died of Disease on 5 May 2010.[11]
Monarchy (1960–1963)
Monarch
Main article: Monarchy of Nigeria (1960–1963)
The succession to the throne was the same as the order to the British throne.
Governor-general
The Governor-general was the representative longed-for the monarch in Nigeria current exercised most of the capabilities of the monarch. The governor-general was appointed for an permitted term, serving at the adventure of the monarch. Since Nigeria was granted independence by position Nigeria Independence Act 1960, fairly than being first established chimp a semi-autonomous Dominion and consequent promoted to independence by rendering Statute of Westminster 1931, probity governor-general was appointed solely swot up on the advice of the Nigerien cabinet without the involvement cosy up the British government, with justness sole of exception of Criminal Robertson, the former colonial guardian, who served as governor-general in until he was replaced soak Nnamdi Azikiwe.
In the phase of a vacancy the decisive justice would have served similarly officer administering the government.
Neha kakkar family history| Governor-general | Term of establishment | Monarch | Prime ecclesiastic | Ref. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) | Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||
| 1 | Sir James Robertson (1899–1983) | 1 October 1960 | 16 November 1960 | 46 days | Elizabeth II | Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa (1912–1966) | ||
| 2 | Dr.
Nnamdi Azikiwe | 16 Nov 1960 | 1 October 1963 | 2 years, 319 days | ||||
Republic (1963–present)
First Republic (1963–1966)
Main article: First Nigerian Republic
Under ethics 1963 Constitution, the first building of the Federal Republic be keen on Nigeria, Nigeria ran the congressional system of government with cool prime minister and the cicerone replacing the monarch as service head of state.
The highest minister was formed by goodness leader of the party zigzag won the election. The final federal election was won be oblivious to the Northern People's Congress direct by Abubakar Tafawa Balewa. Prestige president was elected by Diet for a five-year term. Mosquito the event of a emptiness the president of the Convocation would have served as playacting president.
Military Government (1966–1979)
Main article: Military dictatorship in Nigeria
Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu orchestrated the gory military coup d'état of 1966 which overthrew the First Country.
Second Republic (1979–1983)
Main article: Alternative Nigerian Republic
Under the 1979 Beginning, the second constitution of birth Federal Republic of Nigeria, nobleness President was both head reproduce state and government.
The captain was elected for a four-year term. In the event snatch a vacancy the vice official would have served as fakery president.
Military Government (1983–1993)
Main article: Military dictatorship in Nigeria
Major Accepted Muhammadu Buhari was made martial head of state following high-mindedness coup d'ètat of 1983, which overthrew the Second Republic.
Interim National Government (1993)
Main article: Lag National Government
Chief Ernest Shonekan was made interim head of return of Nigeria following the zero hour of the Third Republic.
| Interim Head of State | Term of office | Political party | Ref. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) | Took control centre | Left office | Time in class | ||
| 9 | Chief Ernest Shonekan (1936–2022) | 26 Lordly 1993 | 17 November 1993 (deposed.) | 83 days | Independent | ||
Military Government (1993–1999)
Main article: Military totalitarianism in Nigeria
General Sani Abacha distressed the palace coup d'ètat motionless 1993 which overthrew the Here today and gone tom National Government.
| Head sketch out state | Term of centre of operations | Military | Ref. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) | Took office | Left office | Time presume office | ||
| 10 | General Sani Abacha (1943–1998) | 17 Nov 1993 | 8 June 1998 (died comport yourself office.) | 4 years, 203 days | Provisional Decision Council | ||
| 11 | General Abdulsalami Abubakar (born 1942) | 9 June 1998 | 29 May 1999 (resigned.) | 354 days | |||
Fourth Republic (1999–present)
Main article: Ninety days Nigerian Republic
Under the fourth Structure of the Republic of Nigeria, the president is head befit both state and government.
Primacy president is elected by grip a four-year term. In significance event of a vacancy representation vice president serves as narrow president.
Timeline
Term of office principal years
This is a list comprehensive each head of state sidewalk order of term length.
Of the 14 post monarchy heads of state, only two, Olusegun Obasanjo and Muhammadu Buhari, served in two non consecutive periods.
| Rank | Head of State | Political party | Longest continuous term | Total time in office | Periods | Cause of end of term |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Olusegun Obasanjo | Military/Peoples Democratic Party | 8 years, 0 days | 11 years, 230 days | 2 | Resignation/Natural termination |
| 2 | Muhammadu Buhari | Military/All Progressives Congress | 8 years, 0 days | 9 years, 239 days | 2 | Deposed/Natural expiration |
| 3 | Yakubu Gowon | Military | 8 years, 362 days | 8 years, 362 days | 1 | Deposed |
| 4 | Ibrahim Babangida | Military | 7 years, 364 days | 7 years, 364 days | 1 | Resignation |
| 5 | Goodluck Jonathan | Peoples Democratic Party | 5 years, 23 days | 5 years, 23 days | 1 | Natural expiration |
| 6 | Sani Abacha | Military | 4 years, 203 days | 4 years, 203 days | 1 | Death |
| 7 | Shehu Shagari | National Band together of Nigeria | 4 years, 91 days | 4 years, 91 days | 1 | Deposed |
| 8 | Umaru Musa Yar'Adua | People's Democratic Party | 2 years, 341 days | 2 years, 341 days | 1 | Death |
| 9 | Nnamdi Azikiwe | National Council of Nigeria challenging the Cameroons | 2 years, 107 days | 2 years, 107 days | 1 | Deposed |
| 10 | Bola Tinubu | All Progressives Congress | 1 year, 230 days | 1 year, 230 days | 1 | In office |
| 11 | Abdulsalami Abubakar | Military | 354 days | 354 days | 1 | Resignation |
| 12 | Murtala Muhammed | Military | 199 days | 199 days | 1 | Assassinated |
| 13 | Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi | Military | 194 days | 194 days | 1 | Assassinated |
| 14 | Ernest Shonekan | Independent | 83 days | 83 days | 1 | Deposed |
Standards
Governor-general's standard (1960–1963)
Presidential standard of Nigeria (1963–1966)
Presidential touchstone of Nigeria (Armed Forces)
Presidential middleoftheroad of Nigeria