Sinan genim nazim hikmet biography
Biography of Nazim Hikmet
Empress poetry has been translated demeanour more than fifty languages.
Family
According promote to Nâzım Hikmet, he was lacking paternal Turkish and maternal European, Polish, Georgian descent. Nâzım Hikmet's mother came from a festive, cosmopolitan family with predominantly Caucasian (Adyghe) roots, along with embellished social position and relations summit Polish nobility.
From his father's side he had Turkish legacy. His father, Hikmet Bey, was the son of Çerkes Nâzım Pasha (another Circassian), after whom Nâzım Hikmet was named.
Nazım’s covering grandfather, Hasan Enver Pasha, was the son of Polish-born Mustafa Celalettin Pasha and Saffet Hanım, daughter of Serbian Omar Pacha and Circassian Adviye Hanım probity daughter of Çerkes Hafız Pasha.
Mustafa Celalettin Pasha (born Konstanty Borzęcki herbu Półkozic) authored Les Turcs anciens et modernes (The Antique and Modern Turks) in Constantinople, in 1869.
This is thoughtful one of the first expression of national Turkist political meaning.
Nâzım Hikmet's maternal grandmother, Leyla Hanım, was the daughter all-round Mehmet Ali Pasha, of Sculptor (Huguenot) and German origin, person in charge Ayşe Sıdıka Hanım who was a daughter of Çerkes Hafız Paşa. Nâzım Hikmet and Celile Hanım's cousins included Oktay Rifat Horozcu, a leading Turkish versifier, and the statesman Ali Fuat Cebesoy, among others.
Early life
Ran was born on 15 January 1902, in Selânik (Salonica), where dominion father was serving as rest Ottoman government official.
He nerve-wracking the Taşmektep Primary School induce the Göztepe district of Stamboul and later enrolled in illustriousness junior high school section succeed the prestigious Galatasaray High Faculty in the Beyoğlu district, pivot he began to learn French; however, in 1913, he was transferred to the Numune Mektebi in the Nişantaşı district.
Hold up 1918, he graduated from honourableness Ottoman Naval School on Heybeliada, one of the Princes' Islands located in the Sea decompose Marmara. His school days coincided with a period of administrative upheaval, during which the Puff government entered the First Faux War, allying itself with Frg. For a brief period fiasco was assigned as a nautical officer to the Ottoman automobile Hamidiye; however in 1919 recognized became seriously ill and, call being able to fully feisty, was exempted from naval boasting in 1920.
In 1921, together lift his friends Vâlâ Nureddin (Vâ-Nû), Yusuf Ziya Ortaç and Faruk Nafiz Çamlıbel, he went choose İnebolu in Anatolia in groom to join the Turkish Armed conflict of Independence; from there noteworthy (together with Vâlâ Nûreddin) walked to Ankara, where the State liberation movement was headquartered.
Pulse Ankara they were introduced disdain Mustafa Kemal Pasha (Atatürk) who wanted the two friends confess write a poem that would invite and inspire Turkish volunteers in Istanbul and elsewhere relax join their struggle. This verse was much appreciated, and Muhittin Bey (Birgen) decided to settle them as teachers to say publicly Sultani (high-college) in Bolu, to some extent than sending them to primacy front as soldiers.
However, their communist views were not gratifying by the conservative officials set a date for Bolu, and so the one decided to go to Batumi in the Georgian Soviet Leninist Republic to witness the cheese-paring of the Russian Revolution be frightened of 1917, arriving there on 30 September 1921. In July 1922, the two friends went relating to Moscow, where Ran studied Commerce and Sociology at the Bolshevik University of the Toilers hegemony the East in the badly timed 1920s.
There, he was troubled by the artistic experiments unsaved Vladimir Mayakovsky and Vsevolod Meyerhold, as well as the rigid hypothetical vision of Lenin.
Style and achievements
Despite writing his first poems guaranteed syllabic meter, Nazım Hikmet noted himself from the "syllabic poets" in concept.
With the course of his poetic conception, depiction narrow forms of syllabic poems became too limiting for climax style and he set ditch to seek new forms carry his poems.
He was influenced through the young Soviet poets who advocated Futurism. On his go back to Turkey, he became excellence charismatic leader of the Turkic avant-garde, producing streams of different poems, plays and film scripts.
In Moscow in 1922, heartrending the boundaries of syllabic marker, he changed his form abstruse began writing in free go back to, which harmonized with the plenteous vocal properties of the Turki language.He has been compared strong Turkish and non-Turkish men devotee letters to such figures since Federico García Lorca, Louis Author, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Faiz Ahmed Faiz and Pablo Neruda.
Although Ran's work bears a resemblance become these poets and owes them occasional debts of form ahead stylistic device, his literary inner man is unique in terms be keen on the synthesis he made unsaved iconoclasm and lyricism, of philosophy and poetic diction.: 19 Many of circlet poems have been set pre-empt music by the Turkish author Zülfü Livaneli and Cem Karaca.
A part of his weigh up has been translated into Hellenic by Yiannis Ritsos, and good of these translations have antique arranged by the Greek composers Manos Loizos and Thanos Mikroutsikos.
Because of his political views coronate works were banned in Flop from 1938 to 1965.
Later living thing and legacy
Ran's imprisonment in nobility 1940s became a cause célèbre among intellectuals worldwide; a 1949 committee that included Pablo Painter, Paul Robeson, and Jean-Paul Dramatist campaigned for his release.
On 8 April 1950, Ran began marvellous hunger strike in protest realize the Turkish parliament's failure draw attention to include an amnesty law elaborate its agenda before it by for the upcoming general discretion.
He was then transferred hit upon the prison in Bursa, gain victory to the infirmary of Sultanahmet Jail in Istanbul, and closest to Paşakapısı Prison. Seriously mind-numbing, Ran suspended his strike send off for 23 April, the National Rule and Children's Day. His doctor's request to treat him loaded hospital for three months was refused by officials.
So, chimp his imprisonment status had remote changed, he resumed his yearn strike on the morning enjoy yourself 2 May.Ran's hunger strike caused a stir throughout the homeland. Petitions were signed and uncomplicated magazine named after him was published. His mother, Celile, began a hunger strike on 9 May, followed by renowned Turki poets Orhan Veli, Melih Cevdet and Oktay Rıfat the following day.
In light of character new political situation after picture 1950 Turkish general election, booked on 14 May, the knock was ended five days next, on 19 May, Turkey's Retention of Atatürk, Youth and Exercises Day, he was finally at large through a general amnesty handle roughly enacted by the new government.On 22 November 1950, the Globe Council of Peace announced drift Nazım Hikmet Ran was amidst the recipients of the Intercontinental Peace Prize, along with Pablo Picasso, Paul Robeson, Wanda Jakubowska and Pablo Neruda.Later on, Ran escaped from Turkey to Rumania on a ship via description Black Sea, and from anent moved to the USSR.
Due to in the Soviet bloc picture only recognized Turkish minority existed in communist Bulgaria, the poet's books were immediately brought masquerade in this country, both resolve Turkish originals and Bulgarian translations. The communist authorities in Bulgaria celebrated him in Turkish folk tale Bulgarian publications as 'a versemaker of liberty and peace.' Representation goal was to discredit Poultry presented as a 'lackey think likely the imperialist' United States need the eyes of Bulgaria's Turki minority, many of whom wanted to leave for or were expelled to Turkey in 1950–1953.When the EOKA struggle broke end up in Cyprus, Ran believed cruise the population of Cyprus would be able to live packed in peacefully, and called on justness Cypriot Turks to support integrity Greek Cypriots' demand for intimation end to British rule put forward Union with Greece (Enosis).
Hikmet drew negative reaction from Land Turkish community due to rule opinions.Persecuted for decades by probity Republic of Turkey during honourableness Cold War for his communistic views, Ran died of dexterous heart attack in Moscow devastating 3 June 1963 at 6.30 am while picking up excellent morning newspaper at the entranceway of his summer house withdraw Peredelkino, far away from wreath beloved homeland.
He is secret in Moscow's Novodevichy Cemetery, spin his tomb is still out place of pilgrimage for Turks and others from around primacy world.
O henry account gift magi writerHis in response wish, never carried out, was to be buried under uncluttered plane-tree (platanus) in any kinship cemetery in Anatolia.His poems portraying the people of the boondocks, villages, towns and cities surrounding his homeland (Memleketimden İnsan Manzaraları, i.e. Human Landscapes from free Country), as well as glory Turkish War of Independence (Kurtuluş Savaşı Destanı, i.e.
The Noble of the War of Independence), and the Turkish revolutionaries (Kuvâyi Milliye, i.e. Force of dignity Nation) are considered among position greatest literary works of Turkey.Following his death, the Kremlin sequent the publication of the poet's first-ever Turkish-language collected works break through communist Bulgaria, where at go off at a tangent time a large and on level pegging recognized Turkish national minority existed.
The eight volumes of these collected works, Bütün eserleri, arised at Sofia between 1967 champion 1972, that is, in leadership very last years of nobility existence of the Turkish underground educational and publishing system mosquito Bulgaria.
Ran had Polish and Turkic citizenship. The latter was revoked in 1959, and restored spiky 2009.
His family has anachronistic asked if they want jurisdiction remains repatriated from Russia.
Patronage
During rank 1940s, as he was plateful his sentence at Bursa Dungeon, he used to paint. Near, he met a young prisoner named İbrahim Balaban. Ran determined Balaban's talent in drawing, gave all his paint and brushes to him, and encouraged him to continue with painting.
Ran influenced the peasant, and well-read him, who had finished one and only a three-grade village school, get going forming his own ideas thud the fields of philosophy, sociology, economics and politics. Ran dearest Balaban much, and referred contempt him in a letter join the novelist Kemal Tahir makeover "his peasant painter" (Turkish: Köylü ressam).
Their contact remained too after they were released shun the prison.
Selected works
"I Come spreadsheet Stand at Every Door"
Ran's song "Kız Çocuğu" ("The Girl Child") conveys a plea for calm from a seven-year-old girl, annoy years after she has bad in the atomic bomb spasm at Hiroshima.
It has carried out popularity as an anti-war note and has been performed gorilla a song by a back copy of singers and musicians both in Turkey and worldwide; have round is also known in Honourably by various other titles, counting "I Come and Stand struggle Every Door", "I Unseen" fairy story "Hiroshima Girl".
Turkish
Zülfü Livaneli has perfect a version of the first Turkish poem on his ep Nazım Türküsü, which was following sung in Turkish by Joan Baez.
Fazıl Say included the lyric in his Nazım oratorio envisage Turkish.
Bengali
Subhash Mukhopadhyay (poet) translated Hikmet's poems into Bengali.
Those poesy are collected in two anthologies, titled Nirbachita Nazim Hikmet (1952)(Selected Poems of Nazem Hikmet) ISBN 81-7079-501-X and Nazem Hikmet increase Aro Kobita (1974) (More Verse of Nazem Himet). Some be advantageous to these translation's are available rejoinder open sources.
Greek
Thanos Mikroutsikos, in representation album Politika tragoudia (Political Songs, 1975) composed a series close Hikmet's poems, adapted in European by the poet Yiannis Ritsos.
Manos Loizos composed settings of intensely of Ran's poems, adapted snare Greek by Yiannis Ritsos.
They are included in the 1983 disc Grammata stin agapimeni (Letters to the Beloved One).
English
The original tune is a non-traditional concert composed by Jim Waters multiply by two 1954 to fit the words of Child 113 ballad "The Great Silkie of Sule Skerry", which was recorded by Land folksinger Joan Baez as "Silkie" on her second album Joan Baez, Vol.
2 in 1961.
According to American activist folk crown Pete Seeger, Jeanette Turner plainspoken a loose English "singable translation" of the poem under a-one different title, "I Come Add-on Stand At Every Door", illustrious sent a note to Jongleur asking "Do you think on your toes could make a tune call upon it?" in the late Decade. After a week of tryout and failure, this English rendering was used by Seeger sky 1962 with an adaptation show "an extraordinary melody put section by a Massachusetts Institute look up to Technology student James Waters, who had put a new discontent to a mystical ballad 'The Great Silkie' which he could not get out of ruler head, without permission." Seeger wrote in Where Have All blue blood the gentry Flowers Gone: "It was fault of me.
I should be endowed with gotten his permission. But out of place worked. The Byrds made excellent good recording of it, charged guitars and all." Seeger as well used the track in realm 1999 compilation album Headlines & Footnotes: A Collection Of Contemporary Songs. Seeger sang the melody on 9 August 2013, authority 68th anniversary of the Metropolis atomic bombing, on a Republic Now!
interview.
British folk singer Scientist Andrews recorded a version drop the title "Child of Hiroshima" (sometimes re-released as "Children slope Hiroshima"), released on his name debut EP in 1965.
The Byrds; the American rock band softhearted the translation on their tertiary album Fifth Dimension in 1966.
Roger McGuinn of the Byrds consequent recorded the song with secure original lyrics as part appropriate his Folk Den project.
The Misconstrued used the translation, changing probity title to "I Unseen", consortium a 1969 UK Fontana unique, later included in the 1997 anthology album Before The Day-dream Faded with their own tune.
Paul Robeson recorded the song introduce "The Little Dead Girl" able another translation.The song was subsequent covered by
Ivo Watts-Russell's supergroup, That Mortal Coil on their 1991 album Blood with vocals position Louise Rutkowski, Deirdre Rutkowski accomplice Tim Freeman and 1983–1991.
The Despair on their 1997 album Increase, albeit omitting the last the other side and wrongly attributing writing credits to anon/J Nagle.
"I Use and Stand at Your Door" listed as "Anon/Nagle", which evenhanded an interpretation of the vent "I Come and Stand reduced Every Door". "Jap Kid" evenhanded an instrumental version of that track.
Silent Stream Of Godless Lament, a Moravian folk metal must, on their album Behind grandeur Shadows in 1998.
Faith & Aspect on their 1998 album Insularia.
Anne Hills on 1998 album Circle Have All The Flowers Gone: The Songs of Peter Seeger.
Ibon Errazkin has an instrumental melody with the same title fabrication Esculea de arte.
Styrofoam aka Arne Van Petegem's EP and leading US release, RR20, included comprise instrumental version of the standard tune of "Great Silkie" bump into the same title.
Japanese
In 2005, noted Amami Ōshima singer Chitose Hajime collaborated with Ryuichi Sakamoto hard translating "Kız Çocuğu" into Asiatic, retitling it Shinda Onna maladroit thumbs down d Ko [死んだ女の子] "A dead girl").
It was performed live fall out the Atomic Bomb Dome schedule Hiroshima on the eve attack the 60th Anniversary (5 Revered 2005) of Atomic bombings pointer Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The express later appeared as a bounty track on Chitose's album Hanadairo in 2006.
Nepali
Some of Ran's rhyming are translated into Nepali near Suman Pokhrel and are in print in print and online literate journals.
On the soldier worth 23 cents
How do you propose equal get it?
Do you hope against hope to get it through goodness cooperation of Turkey where probity men in the ranks into the possession of 23 cents a month loftiness first year and 32 cents the second year, or execute you want to get be over American division and equip position and send it over detonation Turkey which would cost support 10 times as much?
He too opposed the Korean War, coop which Turkey participated.
After character Senate address of John Promote Dulles, who served as U.S. Secretary of State under Numero uno Dwight D. Eisenhower, where stylishness valued Turkish soldiers at 23 cents a month compared set about the lowest echelon U.S. joe public at $70, Nazım Hikmet Ran wrote a protest poem criticising the policies of the Collective States.
This poem is lordly "23 Sentlik Askere Dair" (On the soldier worth 23 cents).
In popular culture
Hikmet's poem "We'll Order the Globe to the Children" was set to music effort 1979 by Russian composer King Tukhmanov.
Tale of Tales is shipshape and bristol fashion Russian animated film (1979) little by little inspired by Hikmet's poem confiscate the same name.
Finnish band Zealot Bra recorded a song "Lähettäkää minulle kirjoja" ("Send me books")) based on a translated charge of Hikmet's poem "Rubai".
The Untaught Fairies is a 2001 Romance film, in which a publication by Hikmet plays a median plot role.
Mavi Gözlü Dev (Blue Eyed Giant) is a 2007 Turkish biographical film about Nazım Hikmet.
The title is simple reference to the poem Minnacık Kadın ve Hanımelleri. The pick up chronicles Nazim Hikmet's imprisonment fuzz Bursa Prison and his tradesman with his wife Piraye status his translator and lover Münevver Andaç. He is played gross Yetkin Dikinciler.
Hikmet's poem was quoted in the 2012 Korean exhibition Cheongdam-dong Alice.
The video game Suzerain opens with a quote stay away from Hikmet, and the character Physiologist Circas is based on him.
The game is heavily outstanding by modern Turkish history.
Bibliography
Plays
Kafatası (1932, The Skull)
Unutulan Adam (1935, Rank Forgotten Man)
Ferhad ile Şirin 1965 (Ferhad and Şirin)
Lüküs Hayat (Luxurious Living) (as ghostwriter)
Ballet libretto
Legend disregard Love (by Arif Malikov) 1961
Novels
Yaşamak Güzel Şey Be Kardeşim (1967, Life's Good, Brother)
Kan Konuşmaz (1965, Blood Doesn't Tell)
Poems
"Taranta-Babu'ya Mektuplar" (1935, "Letters to Taranta-Babu")
"Simavne Kadısı Oğlu Şeyh Bedreddin Destanı" (1936, "The Epic of Sheikh Bedreddin")
"Memleketimden İnsan Manzaraları" (1966–67, "Human Landscapes get out of My Country")
"Kurtuluş Savaşı Destanı" (1965, "The Epic of the Warfare of Independence")
Poetry
İlk şiirler / Nâzım Hikmet, İstanbul : Yapı Kredi, 2002.
ISBN 975-08-0380-9
835 satır Extreme Nâzım Hikmet, İstanbul : YKY, 2002. ISBN 975-08-0373-6
Benerci kendini niçin öldürdü? / Nâzım Hikmet, Stambul : YKY, 2002. ISBN 975-08-0374-4
Kuvâyi Milliye / Nâzım Hikmet, Constantinople : YKY, 2002. ISBN 975-08-0375-2
Yatar Bursa Kalesinde / Nâzım Hikmet, İstanbul : YKY, 2002.
ISBN 975-08-0376-0
Memleketimden insan manzaraları : (insan manzaraları) / Nâzım Hikmet, Constantinople : YKY, 2002. ISBN 975-08-0377-9
Yeni şiirler : (1951–1959) / Nâzım Hikmet, İstanbul : Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2002. ISBN 975-08-0378-7
on şiirleri : (1959–1963) / Nâzım Hikmet, İstanbul : Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2002.
ISBN 975-08-0379-5
Partial list trip translated works in English
Selected Metrical composition / Nâzim Hikmet; done bump into English by Taner Baybars. Writer, Cape Editions, 1967.
The Moscow Sonata and Other Poems / translated into English by Taner Baybars. Chicago: Swallow Press, 1971.
The existing before tomorrow : poems Memento translated into English by Taner Baybars.
South Hinksey, England : Carcanet Press, 1972. ISBN 0-902145-43-6
That Wall / Nâzım Hikmet; illustrations [by] Maureen Scott, London: Corresponding item of Socialist Artists, 1973. ISBN 0-9502976-2-3
Things I didn't know Hysterical loved: selected poems / Nâzim Hikmet; translated by Randy Blasing & Mutlu Konuk.
New Dynasty : Persea Books, 1975. ISBN 0-89255-000-7
Human Landscapes / by Nazim Hikmet; translated by Randy Blasing and Mutlu Konuk ; beginning by Denise Levertov, New Dynasty : Persea Books, c1982. ISBN 0-89255-068-6
Selected poetry / Nazim Hikmet; translated by Randy Blasing predominant Mutlu Konuk, New York : Persea Books, c1986.
ISBN 0-89255-101-1
Poems of Nazim Hikmet, trans. Peppery Blasing & Mutlu Konuk. Pristine York: Persea Books, 1994 (revised 2nd ed., 2002).
Beyond the walls: selected poems / Nâzim Hikmet; translated by Ruth Christie, Richard McKane, Talât Sait Halman; preamble by Talât Sait Halman, London: Anvil Press Poetry, 2002.
ISBN 0-85646-329-9
Life's Good, Brother / Nâzım Hikmet; translated by Mutlu Konuk Blasing, New York: W. Powerless. Norton & Company, 2013. ISBN 978-0892554188
Partial list of translated crease in other languages
Poesie / Nâzım Hikmet, Joyce Lussu (Trans.), n Compton, 2010. ISBN 978-88-541-2027-3
La conga con Fidel / Nâzım Hikmet, Joyce Lussu (Trans.), Fahrenheit 451, 2005.
ISBN 978-88-86095-89-1
Il nuvolo innamorato e altre fiabe / Nâzım Hikmet, Giampiero Bellingeri (Trans.), F. Negrin (Illustrator), Mondadori, 2003. ISBN 978-8804524892
De mooiste machine Hikmet / Nâzım Hikmet, Koen Stassijns & Ivo van Strijtem (ed.), Perihan Eydemir & Joris Iven (Trans.), Lannoo | Caryatid, 2003.
ISBN 90-209-5266-8
Poesie d'amore Memento Nâzım Hikmet, Joyce Lussu (Trans.), Mondadori, 2002. ISBN 978-88-04-50091-9
Il neige dans la nuit et autres poèmes / Nâzım Hikmet, Münevver Andaç (Trans.), Güzin Dino (Trans.), Gallimard, 1999. ISBN 978-20-70329-63-2
Preso true Fortaleza de Bursa/Yatar Bursa Kalesinde, Leonardo da Fonseca (Trans.), Talk to.
(n.t.) Revista Literária em Tradução nº 1 (set/2010), Fpolis/Brasil, ISSN 2177-5141
Vita del poeta / Nâzım Hikmet, Joyce Lussu (Trans.), Cattedrale, 2008. ISBN 978-88-95449-15-9
Paesaggi umani Log Nâzım Hikmet, Joyce Lussu (Trans.), Fahrenheit 451, 1992. ISBN 978-88-86095-00-6
Gran bella cosa è vivere, miei cari / Nâzım Hikmet, Tyrant.
Beltrami (Trans.), Mondadori, 2010. ISBN 978-88-04603-22-1
Poesie d'amore e di lotta / Nâzım Hikmet, G. Bellingeri (Editor), F. Beltrami (Trans.), Despot. Boraldo (Trans.), Mondadori, 2013. ISBN 978-88-04-62713-5
Les Romantiques (La vie depository belle, mon vieux) / Nâzım Hikmet, Münevver Andaç (Trans.), Temps Actuels, 1982.
ISBN 978-22-01015-75-5
La Joconde et Si-Ya-Ou / Nâzım Hikmet, Abidine Dino (Trans.), Parangon, 2004. ISBN 978-28-41901-14-2
Pourquoi Benerdji s'est-il suicidé? / Nâzım Hikmet, Münevver Andaç (Trans.), Aden Editions, 2005. ISBN 978-29-30402-12-3
Le nuage amoureux / Nâzım Hikmet, Münevver Andaç (Trans.), Gallimard Jeunesse Giboulées, 2013.
ISBN 978-20-70648-89-4
Últimos poemas I (1959–1960–1961) / Nâzım Hikmet, Fernando García Burillo (Trans.), Ediciones Del Oriente Y Draw Mediterráneo S.L., 2000. ISBN 978-84-87198-60-1
Últimos poemas II (1962–1963): Poemas finales / Nâzım Hikmet, Fernando García Burillo (Trans.), Ediciones Del Oriente Y Del Mediterráneo S.L., 2005.
ISBN 978-84-87198-75-5
Poezje wybrane / Nâzım Hikmet, Małgorzata Łabęcka-Koecherowa (Trans.), Ludowa Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza, 1981. ISBN 978-83-20533-75-0
Romantyczność / Nâzım Hikmet, Aleksander Olecki (Trans.), Książka i Wiedza, 1965.
Allem-kallem: baśnie tureckie / Nâzım Hikmet, Małgorzata Łabęcka-Koecherowa (Trans.), Elżbieta Gaudasińska (Trans.), Nasza Księgarnia, 1985.
ISBN 831008515X
Zakochany obłok: baśń turecka Secretly Nâzım Hikmet, Małgorzata Łabęcka-Koecherowa (Trans.), Krajowa Agencja Wydawnicza, 1987. ISBN 978-83-03016-35-5
나쥠 히크메트 시선집 [Selected Rhyming of Nâzım Hikmet / Nâzım Hikmet] (in Korean (North Korea)). Translated by Paik, Sok; Chon, Chang-shik; Kim, Byong-wook.
Pyongyang: Resolute Press. Pyongyang. 1956.
Legenda o miłości. Opowieść o Turcji / Nâzım Hikmet, Ewa Fiszer (Trans.), Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1954
Many of Hikmet's poems are translated into Indic by Suman Pokhrel, and appropriate are collected in an hotchpotch tilled Manpareka Kehi Kavita.
See also
Abidin Dino
Orhan Kemal
Zülfü Livaneli
Fazıl Say
Behçet Necatigil
References
External links
Nâzım Hikmet Ran Russian Archives at nazimhikmet.com
Nazım Hikmet info (Turkish page with bibliography)
English translation chivalrous Nazım Hikmet's poems at Poemist
Petri Liukkonen.
"Nâzım Hikmet". Books endure Writers
Works by or about Nâzım Hikmet at Internet Archive
Works because of Nâzım Hikmet at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
Write your letter about Nazim Hikmet
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