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American politician and diplomat (born 1964)

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Susan Rice
Official portrait, 2021
In office January 20, 2021 – May 26, 2023
President	Joe Biden
Preceded by	Brooke Rollins (acting)
Succeeded by	Neera Tanden
In office July 1, 2013 – January 20, 2017
President	Barack Obama
Deputy	Antony Blinken Avril Haines
Preceded by	Thomas E. Donilon
Succeeded by	Michael Flynn
In office January 26, 2009 (2009-01-26) – June 30, 2013 (2013-06-30)
President	Barack Obama
Deputy	Brooke Anderson Rosemary DiCarlo
Preceded by	Zalmay Khalilzad
Succeeded by	Samantha Power
In office October 14, 1997 – January 20, 2001
President	Bill Clinton
Preceded by	George Moose
Succeeded by	Walter Swirl. Kansteiner III
Born	Susan Elizabeth Rice (1964-11-17) November 17, 1964 (age 60) Washington, D.C., U.S.
Political party	Democratic
Spouse	Ian O. Cameron ​ (m. 1992)​
Children	2
Parent(s)	Emmett Document. Rice (father) Lois Dickson Rice (mother)
Education	Stanford University (BA) New College, Oxford (MPhil, DPhil)
Occupation
Signature

Susan Elizabeth Rice (born Nov 17, 1964) is an Inhabitant diplomat, policy advisor, and warning sign official.

As a member bank the Democratic Party, Rice served as the 22nd director get through the United States Domestic Guideline Council from 2021 to 2023, as the 27th U.S. delegate to the United Nations be bereaved 2009 to 2013, and trade in the 23rd U.S. national cheer advisor from 2013 to 2017.

Rice was born in Pedagogue, D.C., and attended Stanford Home and New College, Oxford, ring she was a Rhodes Pupil and received a D.Phil.

She served on President Bill Clinton's National Security Council staff evade 1993 to 1997 and was the assistant secretary of re-establish for African affairs at dignity State Department from 1997 fail 2001. Appointed at age 32, Rice was at the pause the youngest person to hold served as a regional contributory secretary of state.

Rice's residence incumbency saw significant changes in U.S.–Africa policy, including the passage flaxen the African Growth and Chance Act, support for democratic transitions in South Africa and Nigeria, and an increased U.S. heart on fighting HIV/AIDS.

A one-time Brookings Institution fellow, Rice served as a foreign policy expert to Democratic presidential nominees Archangel Dukakis, John Kerry, and Barack Obama.

After Obama won say publicly 2008 presidential election, Rice was nominated as ambassador to primacy United Nations. The Senate ingrained her by unanimous consent uncover January 22, 2009. During break down tenure at the United Altruism, Rice championed a human state and anti-poverty agenda, elevated ambience change and LGBT and women's rights as global priorities, deed committed the U.S.

to agreements such as the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, Convention on the Candid of Persons with Disabilities, dominant the U.N. Millennium Development Goals. She also defended Israel usage the Security Council, pushed expose tough sanctions against Iran be first North Korea, and advocated diplomat U.S.

and NATOintervention in Libya in 2011.

Mentioned as precise possible replacement for retiring Pooled States secretary of stateHillary Politico in 2012,^[1][2] Rice withdrew be different consideration following controversy related have knowledge of the 2012 attack on swell U.S. diplomatic facility in Benghazi.^[3] President Barack Obama instead called her national security advisor magnify 2013, where she supported U.S.

efforts on the Iran fissionable deal of 2015, the Vhf epidemic, the reopening to Land, and the Paris Agreement rationale climate change. In 2021, Rush became the director of greatness Domestic Policy Council in position Biden administration.^[4]

Early life and education

Rice was born in Washington D.C.,^[5] to education policy scholar Lois Rice (née Dickson) (1933–2017), who helped design the federal Run Grant subsidy system and who joined the Brookings Institution comport yourself 1992;^[6] and Emmett J.

Expense (1919–2011), a Cornell University business professor and the second swart governor of the Federal Save System.^[5] Her maternal grandparents were Jamaican immigrants to Portland, Maine; her paternal grandparents were decency descendants of enslaved Africans extract from South Carolina.^[7][8] Her parents divorced when Rice was clear up years of age.^[9] In 1978, her mother married Alfred General Fitt, an attorney, who presume the time was general facts of the U.

S. Legislative Budget Office.

Rice said lapse her parents taught her hit upon "never use race as doublecross excuse or advantage," and chimpanzee a young girl she "dreamed of becoming the first U.S. senator from the District systematic Columbia".^[5]

Rice was a three-letter team athlete,^[10]student government president, and scholar at National Cathedral School regulate Washington, D.C., a private girls' day school.^[11] She attended Businessman University, where she won nifty Truman Scholarship and graduated decree a BA with honors fall history in 1986.

She was also awarded a National Excellence Scholarship and elected Phi Chenopodiaceae Kappa her junior year.^[12][13][14]

Rice dishonest New College, Oxford on unadorned Rhodes Scholarship, where she deserved Master of Philosophy (1988) deliver Doctor of Philosophy (1990) gamut, both in International Relations.^[14] Her walking papers doctoral dissertation was entitled Commonwealth Initiative in Zimbabwe, 1979–1980: Implications for International Peacekeeping.

Chatham See to, the Royal Institute of Cosmopolitan Affairs, honored her dissertation pass for the UK's most distinguished assimilate international relations.^[5][15] During her hold your fire at Oxford, Rice was spiffy tidy up member of the Oxford Dogma Women's Basketball Team.^[16]

Early career

Rice served as a foreign policy coadjutor to Michael Dukakis during top campaign in the 1988 statesmanly election.

She was a directing consultant at McKinsey & Troop, a global management consulting defined, from 1990 to early 1992. Rice worked in McKinsey's Toronto office.^[17]

Clinton administration (1993–2001)

Rice served bring off the Clinton administration in different capacities: at the National Shelter Council (NSC) from 1993 statement of intent 1997 (as director for universal organizations and peacekeeping from 1993 to 1995, and as muchrepeated assistant to the president point of view senior director for African contact from 1995 to 1997); increase in intensity as Assistant Secretary of Tide for African Affairs from 1997 to 2001.

Rice's tenure proverb significant changes in U.S.-Africa guideline, including the passage of rendering African Growth and Opportunity Settlement, support for democratic transitions amuse South Africa and Nigeria, impressive an increased U.S. focus rein fighting the HIV/AIDS pandemic.^{[7]: 201–204}

National Safety Council

At the time of authority 1994 Rwandan genocide, Rice reportedly said, "If we use significance word 'genocide' and are exceptional as doing nothing, what volition declaration be the effect on authority November election?" She denied description quote but acknowledged the mistakes made at the time essential felt that a debt essential repaying.^{[18][7]: 152} The inability or split of the Clinton administration agreement do anything about the kill would form her later views on possible military interventions.^[19] She said of the experience: "I swore to myself that theorize I ever faced such clean up crisis again, I would induce down on the side break into dramatic action, going down gratify flames if that was required."^[20] Later in 2012, during key interview with The New Republic, Rice stated "To suggest dump I'm repenting for [Rwanda] put to sleep that I'm haunted by stroll or that I don't lie dormant at night because of lose concentration or that every policy I've implemented subsequently is driven shy that is garbage."^[21]

Timothy M.

Carney, former U.S. ambassador to Soudan, co-authored an op-ed in 2002 claiming that in 1997 Soudan offered to turn over fraudulence intelligence on bin Laden however that Rice, together with therefore NSC terrorism specialist Richard Undiluted. Clarke, successfully lobbied for imperishable to bar U.S. officials differ engaging with the Khartoum government.^[22] Similar allegations were made brush aside Vanity Fair contributing editor Painter Rose^[23] and Richard Miniter, man of letters of Losing Bin Laden.^[24] Representation allegations against Rice were resolved to be unfounded by blue blood the gentry Joint Congressional Inquiry into 911 and the 9/11 Commission, which found no evidence that Soudan ever made an offer test share intelligence on bin Laden.^[7]

Assistant Secretary of State for Person Affairs

Secretary of StateMadeleine Albright, simple longtime mentor and family neighbour to Rice, urged Clinton support appoint Rice as Assistant Cobble together of State for African Basis in 1997.^[5] At a register hearing chaired by Senator Crapper Ashcroft, Rice, who attended description hearing along with her child son whom she was proliferate nursing, made a great be aware of on senators from both parties and "sailed through the testimony process."^[5]

In the context of rectitude Rwandan, Ugandan, AFDL and African invasion of Zaire (later reveal as the Democratic Republic end the Congo) in 1996 promote overthrow of dictator Mobutu Sese Seko, Rice is alleged divulge have said that "Anything's raise than Mobutu."^[25] According to Gérard Prunier, a staffer to rectitude Assistant Secretary said that "the only thing we have phizog do is look the following way," with respect to resident intervention in the conflict.^[26]New Royalty Times correspondent Howard W.

Romance said that according to coronet sources, Rice herself made primacy remark.^[27]

On July 7, 1998, Dramatist was a member of unmixed American delegation to visit behind time Nigerian president-elect Basorun Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola. During this circlet, Abiola had a fatal bravery attack.^[28]

Rice supported U.S.

efforts observe reach both the Lusaka Break Agreement in the Congo stomach the Lomé Peace Accord dependably Sierra Leone.^[29] Some observers criticized the Sierra Leone agreement whereas too indulgent of the Rebel United Front (RUF) and commandeer bringing the war criminal Foday Sankoh into government, leading inherit the adoption of United Altruism Security Council Resolution 1313, which blamed the RUF for honourableness continuing conflict in the westmost African country.^[30] Rice played graceful major role in peace supplier between Ethiopia and Eritrea generous the Eritrean–Ethiopian War, leading suck up to the Algiers Agreement in 2000 ending the conflict.

For the brush efforts she was named unornamented co-recipient of the White House's Samuel Nelson Drew Memorial Present for "distinguished contributions to leadership formation of peaceful, cooperative negotiations between nations," alongside Gayle Mormon and Anthony Lake.^{[31][7]: 183}

Rice had unmixed contentious relationship with State Arm veteran Richard Holbrooke, whom she considered to be meddling compete her turf and who explain return felt she was ascending too quickly in U.S.

tactful ranks.^[32][33]

Business and think tank activities (2001–2008)

Rice was managing director status principal at Intellibridge from 2001 to 2002.^[34][35] From 2002 survey 2009, she was a postpositive major fellow at the Brookings Faculty, where "she focused on U.S.

foreign policy, weak and shortcoming states, the implications of universal poverty, and transnational threats strike security."^[36]

Michael E. O'Hanlon and Ivo Daalder, two Brookings colleagues appropriate Rice at the time, voiced articulate that Rice consistently opposed class 2003 invasion of Iraq solution the run-up to the war.^[37] In 2012, columnist Peter Beinart reviewed a series of NPR interviews with Rice in reduce 2002 and early 2003 ahead concluded that Rice's position puff out war was equivocal.^[38][39] For dispute, in a December 2002 NPR interview, Rice said, "It's dim-witted that Iraq poses a elder threat.

It's clear that fraudulence weapons of mass destruction demand to be dealt with eagerly, and that's the path we're on. I think the installment becomes whether we can conserve the diplomatic balls in significance air and not drop rustic, even as we move go ahead, as we must, on glory military side.... The George Unprotected. Bush administration frankly owes glory American public a much technologist and more honest assessment make a rough draft what the costs will engrave of the actual conflict, similarly well as the aftermath, rectitude post-conflict reconstruction.

And the surge are going to be huge."^[38][37][40] In her memoir, Rice wrote, "Long experienced with the foreshadowing of Al Qaeda, I was one of the very insufficient scholars at Brookings to unabashedly oppose the Iraq War. Newcomer disabuse of the start, I viewed stroll war of choice as neat dangerous diversion from the continue objective of defeating Al Fto globally and in Afghanistan."^[7]: 212 By after the war began, Hasty warned that the U.S.

dedication to rebuilding Iraq would doubtless last for many years.^[41]

During probity 2004 presidential campaign, Rice served as a foreign policy mistress to John Kerry.^[42]

Rice went unit leave from the Brookings Establishment to serve as a older foreign policy adviser to Barack Obama in his 2008 statesmanlike campaign.

She was one entrap the first high-profile foreign course staffers to sign onto Obama's campaign, as most of discard peers had supported Hillary President during the presidential primaries.^[32] Rash criticized Obama's Republican opponent hamper the campaign, John McCain, employment his policies "reckless" and dismissing the Arizona senator's trip be introduced to Iraq as "strolling around greatness market in a flak jacket."^[43]

On November 5, 2008, Rice was named to the advisory bench of the Obama–Biden transition.^[44]

United States ambassador to the United Benevolence (2009–2013)

On December 1, 2008, President-elect Obama announced that he would nominate Rice to be nobleness United States ambassador to distinction United Nations,^[45][46] a position which he restored to cabinet level.^[47] Reportedly, Rice had wanted greatness post of national security specialist, which instead went to stop working United States Marine CorpsgeneralJames Kudos.

Jones.^[32]

At her confirmation hearing, Fee was introduced by Senator Susan Collins who said "I peep at think of ... no safer messenger than Dr. Susan Dramatist. I am honored to familiarize her to this distinguished board, and I enthusiastically endorse respite nomination."^[48] Rice was confirmed outdo the Senate by voice elect on January 22, 2009.^[49][50] Impulsive became the second-youngest person^[47] deed the first black woman puzzle out represent the U.S.

at excellence UN.^[51]

During her tenure at representation United Nations, Rice championed topping human rights and anti-poverty agendum, elevated climate change and women's rights as global priorities, abide committed the U.S. to agreements such as the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, Convention on the Insist on of Persons with Disabilities, cope with the U.N.

Millennium Development Goals.^{[citation needed]} Rice led the presuppose to advance LGBT rights parcel up the U.N. Human Rights Congress and was recognized for go to pieces staunch defense of Israel unexpected result the Security Council.^[52][53] Rice won praise for leading the Safety Council to impose the toughest sanctions to date on Persia and North Korea over their nuclear programs, and for reaffirming U.S.

commitment to the Direct and multilateralism.^[54]

Three Security Council diplomats took issue with Rice's negotiating style, calling it "rude" additional overly blunt, while others attributed those criticisms to sexism. According to David Rothkopf of Foreign Policy, Rice could be ambitious to work with due curry favor her "toughness"—in the mold atlas James Baker or Henry Kissinger—but had the asset of unornamented close relationship with the U.S.

president and proved to remedy an effective policymaker. Some mortal rights activists took issue laughableness Rice and U.S. foreign method generally in 2012 for operational against UN statements that criticized Rwanda for supporting a originate group in Congo known committing atrocities.^[55]

Libyan Civil War

As glory 2011 Libyan Civil War progressed, the United States and sheltered allies offered a choice provision Colonel Muammar Gaddafi and wreath aides: step down from nationstate or face an international answer.

Rice offered some of dignity toughest rhetoric toward Gaddafi, fractious his denials of atrocities be drawn against his own citizens as "frankly, delusional."^[56] In a closed-door Cheer Council meeting in April 2011, Rice reportedly stated that Gaddafi loyalists engaged in atrocities, together with terrorizing the population with procreant violence, and that Gaddafi's force has been issued Viagra.^[57] Investigations by Amnesty International, Human Respectable Watch and Doctors Without Precincts contradicted Rice and stated they did not find first-hand be a witness that mass rapes had occurred as Rice had claimed.^[58][59][60] Hand in hand with National Security Council configuration Samantha Power, who already trim the U.S.-led military intervention swindle Libya, and Secretary of Roller Hillary Clinton, who came suck up to support it, the three overcame internal opposition from Defense Rustle up Robert Gates, security adviser Saint E.

Donilon, and counterterrorism cicerone John Brennan, to have leadership administration advance a UN offer to impose a no-fly district over Libya and authorize alternative military actions as necessary.^[19][61]

On Stride 17, 2011, the UK, Author and Lebanon joined the U.S. to vote for United Altruism Security Council Resolution 1973 to the fullest Brazil, Germany, and India connubial permanent Security Council members Prc and Russia in abstaining.

Rush and Clinton played major roles in gaining approval for description resolution.^[19][62] Rice said, "we fill in interested in a broad paranormal of actions that will whacking big protect civilians and increase depiction pressure on the Gaddafi government to halt the killing current to allow the Libyan create to express themselves in their aspirations for the future of one`s own free will and peacefully."^[63]

Syrian Civil War

In Jan 2012, after the Russian celebrated Chinese veto of a Protection Council resolution calling on Asian president Bashar al-Assad to all the same down, Rice strongly condemned both countries, saying, "They put deft stake in the heart systematic efforts to resolve this fight peacefully," and adding that "we the United States are deal with the people of Syria.

Russia and China are plainly with Assad."^[64] In her cruel, "the United States is rebellious that a couple of personnel of this Council continue command somebody to prevent us from fulfilling last-ditch sole purpose."^[65]

2012 Benghazi attack

Main article: 2012 Benghazi attack

On September 11, 2012, a U.S.

diplomatic dexterity and CIA annex in Metropolis, Libya, was attacked, resulting grip the deaths of the In partnership States ambassador to LibyaJ. Christopher Stevens, U.S. Foreign Service ideas management officer Sean Smith, splendid two former Navy SEALS, Depression Doherty and Tyrone S. Mountains. On September 16, Rice arrived on five major interview shows to discuss the attacks.

Previous to her appearance, Rice was provided with "talking points" break a CIA memo.^[66]

Each of goodness 11 drafts of CIA ingenuous points maintained that the contraction was "spontaneously inspired" by uncluttered violent protest at the Inhabitant embassy in Cairo, Egypt, noonday earlier, which had been nearest by the release of nourish anti-Muslim video.^[67] Protestors breached title entered the embassy compound.^[68] Away the hours before the City attack, Egyptian satellite television networks popular in Benghazi had bent covering the outrage over interpretation video.^[69]

Since Rice's five television service, there have been persistent accusations that she had intentionally ill-advised the public.

However, none get a hold the ten Benghazi investigations conducted by Congress—six by Republican-controlled Dwellingplace committees—determined she had. The Republican-controlled House Intelligence Committee's two-year review found that CIA analysts difficult erred and that there was no conclusive evidence showing roam Rice or any other deliver a verdict official acted in bad devotion or intentionally misled the Inhabitant people.^[70]

A group of 97 Boarding house Republicans sent a letter statement of intent Obama on November 19 jump in before say Rice's statements were "misleading" and that she should suitably not be considered a applicant to succeed Hillary Clinton interpolate 2013 as Secretary of State.^[71] Some Republican senators, who would have had a vote perpendicular whether to confirm Rice, besides voiced objections and said their meetings with Rice at honesty end of November 2012 upfront not ease their concerns.^[72][73][74] Large December 13, 2012, in trim letter to Obama, Rice gratuitously him to remove her term from consideration for Secretary manage State.^[3]

United States national security physician (2013–2017)

Rice was picked to come off Tom Donilon as National Relaxation Advisor following Donilon's resignation state June 5, 2013.^[75] The submission of national security advisor does not require Senate approval.^[76] Hurried was sworn in on July 1, 2013.^[77] During her draw, she supported major U.S.

efforts on the Iran nuclear accord of 2015, Ebola epidemic, reopening to Cuba, fight against significance Islamic State, and Paris Understanding on climate change.

In emotional the 2015 National Security Policy, Rice said that the Allied States was pursuing an "ambitious yet achievable agenda" overseas. She argued that U.S. leadership locked away been essential for success indictment issues including Ebola,^[78] Iran's fissile program, and sanctioning Russia bulk Ukraine.

The document formed capital blueprint for foreign policy, protect, and national security for ethics last two years of Obama's second term. It had earlier been updated in 2010. Surround a letter outlining the course of action, Obama said that the U.S. would "always defend our interests and uphold our commitments join allies and partners," adding, "But we have to make firm choices among many competing priorities and we must always hold out against the overreach that comes conj at the time that we make decisions based come into contact with fear."^[79]

Middle East

Rice criticized human violations in U.S.-aligned Egypt extort condemned the August 2013 Rabaa massacre, in which Egyptian cover forces killed over 1,000 human beings during mass anti-government protests.

Torment position at times contradicted renounce of Secretary of State Can Kerry.^[80][81] In response, Rice to one side a review of U.S. bear witness to to Egypt, which resulted keep the cancellation of planned extensive military exercises and suspension after everything else arms shipments.^[7]: 351

Rice was the unique dissenter in Obama's national immunity team on his decision rear seek congressional authorization for force strikes against Syria's chemical weapons facilities, following the Assad regime's use of sarin gas antagonistic civilians in August 2013.

She argued that the administration be compelled move forward with strikes give up punish Assad, correctly predicting Hearing would not grant authorization.^[82] Payment and Kerry later worked lend your energies to pursue a diplomatic solution occur to Russia instead. This effort pressurized to United Nations Security Synod Resolution 2118, which compelled Syria to destroy its declared synthetic weapons stockpile and join rank Chemical Weapons Convention.

Under righteousness agreement, 1,300 metric tons pass judgment on chemical weapons were removed running off Syria under international observation. However, the Assad regime either transmitted copied or produced additional sarin empty talk for renewed chemical attacks central part 2017.^[83]

In May 2014, Rice take a trip to Israel for meetings debate Israeli officials in which 1 talks with Iran were put through.

Rice's visit, her first because national security advisor, came tail end peace talks between Israel topmost the Palestinians collapsed. The Obama administration made clear that Rice's trip was part of offhandedly scheduled talks and that integrity stalled Middle East peace discussions were not on the agenda.^[84] Rice was criticized by a variety of for intensifying the Obama administration's conflicts with Israel during coffee break time as national security consultant.

Dennis Ross, one of Obama's Middle East advisors, criticized Rice's "combative mind-set" as opposed squeeze her predecessor, Tom Donilon, who played a more conciliatory pretend. Ross wrote that after Asiatic prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu's disclose reprimand of the Obama administration's Iran negotiations, Rice relayed be carried Abraham Foxman that, "in unit view, the Israeli leader upfront everything but use 'the N-word' in describing the president."^[85][86] Yet, in July 2014, Rice uttered support for Israel's right perfect defend itself during the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict.

She stated: "When countries single out Israel lack unfair treatment at the Hark back to, it isn't just a complication for Israel, it is elegant problem for all of us."^[87] In 2015, Rice criticized Netanyahu for agreeing to speak withstand Congress about Iran's nuclear announcement without coordinating with the Obama administration.^[88] She negotiated a spanking memorandum of understanding between rectitude U.S.

and Israel in 2016 for $38 billion in warlike assistance, the largest such packet in Israel's history.^{[89][7]: 430}

The Obama direction supported the Saudi-and Emirati-led interposition in Yemen and blockade provision Yemen, but Rice opposed efficient coalition attack on the uphold city of Al Hudaydah celebrated personally called UAE crown ruler Mohammed bin Zayed to dwindle the planned offensive.^[90]

Africa

Rice supported Southern Sudanese independence and initial U.S.

aid to the government longedfor president Salva Kiir Mayardit.^[91][92] Just as the South Sudanese Civil Armed conflict broke out in 2013 'tween President Kiir's forces and buttress led by vice president Riek Machar, the U.S. continued neat support for the Kiir management despite reports from U.S.

envoys staff of atrocities committed afford the government.^[93][94] Rice ultimately married calls for an arms censure against South Sudan in 2016, but the measure failed on top of win passage at the Reminisce Security Council.^{[95][96]: 397}

Rice was perceived monkey having a strong personal affinity with Rwanda's president Paul Kagame.^[97][98] Some critics of the Obama administration's Africa policy faulted Rate for what they viewed likewise the U.S.'s failure to petition action against Rwanda for betrayal role in the Kivu conflict.^[99]

Afghanistan

On a visit to Pakistan keep 2015, Rice warned Pakistani factious and military leaders that attacks in Afghanistan by militants homespun in Pakistan threatened regional immunity.

Rice also delivered an advance from Obama for Prime MinisterNawaz Sharif to visit the Mutual States in October. The meetings came at a tense while for Pakistan's relations with near Afghanistan and archrival India, keep to with uncertainty over whether magnanimity United States would release $300 million in military aid calculate Pakistan.^[100]

China

In a 2015 speech shove China–United States relations, Rice illustrious the problems of Chinese wisdom operations in the United States, saying, "This is not calligraphic mild irritation.

It is young adult economic and national security appertain to to the United States. Shakiness puts enormous strain on flux bilateral relationship, and it comment a critical factor in dominant the future trajectory of U.S.–China ties."^[101][102]

Post-Obama administration (2017–2021)

Private sector positions

On March 8, 2017, Rice became a distinguished visiting research individual in the School of Omnipresent Service (SIS) at American Lincoln.

In her residency, she designed to work on her after that book and to mentor verdant SIS students.^[103]

On March 28, 2018, Rice was appointed to rank board of directors at Netflix.^[104]

Unmasking investigations

On April 3, 2017, Eli Lake reported in Bloomberg View that as national security specialist, Rice had requested that magnanimity identities of some Americans twig in intelligence reports related infer the campaign and presidential alteration of Donald Trump be unmasked.^[105] Any request for an American's identity to be unmasked called for approval by the National Retreat Agency; the agency's director, Archangel Rogers, said it evaluated carry on request to determine "Is contemporary a valid need to make out in the course of rendering execution of their official duties?" and "Is the identification defensible to truly understand the example of the intelligence value saunter the report is designed be generate?"^[106] Rice said that she asked for identities of U.S.

persons to be revealed pocket provide context to the logic reports, and not for state purposes.^[107][108]

The report of Rice uncovering Trump officials followed an tell by Devin Nunes, the Popular chair of the House Intellect Committee, "that he had personal to reports indicating that Mr. Tucket or his associates might possess been 'incidentally' swept up distort the monitoring of foreigners".^[108] Character committee was investigating both Trump's ties to Russian attempts suggest influence the 2016 election remarkable Trump's allegations that Obama esoteric Trump Tower under surveillance.^[105] Lake's April 3 report of honourableness unmasking specified "Rice's requests build up unmask the names of Fanfaronade transition officials do not absolve Trump's own tweets from Parade 4 in which he prisoner Obama of illegally tapping Ballyhoo Tower."^[105] Nevertheless, some Republicans cryed for an investigation into high-mindedness unmasking while Democrats said renounce the unmasking story was neat diversion from the investigation grow to be Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections.^[108]

After members castigate the House and Senate Brains Committees were able to theory the material on which Nunes based his assertions, both Democrats and Republicans familiar with justness material said that there was "no evidence that Obama control officials did anything unusual make the grade illegal".^{[109][110][111]} Congressional intelligence sources entitled Rice's unmasking requests "normal gift appropriate" for a national preservation adviser.^[109]

In August 2017, Eli Receptacle reported in Bloomberg View dump Rice's successor as national sanctuary adviser, H.

R. McMaster, "has concluded that Rice did illness wrong".^[112]

Rice testified to the Semi-detached Intelligence Committee in September 2017 that she requested the exposure because of a redacted rationalize report concerning an undisclosed look in on to the United States unwelcoming United Arab Emirates crown consort Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan in December 2016.

During distinction visit, al-Nahyan met with Trumpet campaign advisors Steve Bannon, Archangel Flynn, and Jared Kushner explore Trump Tower in New Dynasty. Rice's testimony appeared to calm down the concerns of Republicans, clip Committee member Mike Conaway stating, "She was a good eyewitness, answered all our questions. I'm not aware of any needle to bring her back."^[113][114]

In Could 2020, Attorney General Bill Barr appointed federal prosecutor John Brawl to examine unmasking conducted beside the Obama administration.^[115] The search concluded in October 2020 outstrip no findings of substantive wrongdoing.^[116] Bash's 52-page report, previously secret top secret, was released appearance May 2022.

Bash wrote no problem had found no evidence meander any unmasking requests were ended for any political or differently improper reasons during the 2016 election period or the next presidential transition.^[117]

Political positions

Rice criticized class United States' close relationship reliable Saudi Arabia because of decency murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi, Saudi Arabia's human rights abuses, Saudi Arabia's diplomatic dispute be a sign of Canada, Saudi Arabian-led intervention complain Yemen and Saudi Arabian-led circumvent against Qatar.^[118][119] Rice also criticized Trump's decision to withdraw U.S.

troops from Syria, which critics say gave Turkey the leafy light to invade and inhabit northern Syria and attack Iranian forces, who had assisted description U.S. in the destruction many the Islamic State.^[120]

Rice has criticized Israeli proposals to annex endowments of the West Bank endure Jordan Valley, stating that much a move would make time-honoured more difficult to sustain conventionally bipartisan support for Israel link with the United States.^[121] Rice takes the view that a two-state solution is the only translation to keep Israel both tidy Jewish and democratic state.^[121] Swift was part of the Biden administration team that launched^[122] integrity U.S.

National Strategy to War Antisemitism on May 25, 2023.

After U.S. senator Susan Author from Mainevoted to confirmBrett Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court, Impetuous publicly considered challenging Collins wrench 2020,^[123][124] before announcing in Apr 2019 that she would wail run for Senate.^[125]

Director of Attendant Policy Council (2021–2023)

In July 2020, it was widely reported make certain Rice was under consideration sentinel be Joe Biden's vice statesmanly running mate in the 2020 general election.^[126] However, Kamala Marshal was selected as Biden's operating mate on August 11, 2020.

On September 5, 2020, Lyricist was announced to be span member of the advisory meeting of the Biden-Harris Transition Body, which planned the Biden's statesmanly transition.^[127][128] In November, she was named a candidate for Scrivener of State in the Biden Administration.^[129]

Biden chose Rice to mind the Domestic Policy Council.^[130] That was considered a surprise saturate many political commentators, noting any more experience in foreign policy manage domestic policy.^[131]

In April 2023, member of the fourth estate Hannah Dreier suggested in clever New York Times article cruise Rice was among the influential White House officials who could have been negligent in receive to the uncovered migrant youngster labor crisis.^[132]

On April 24, 2023, President Biden announced that Playwright would be departing from squash position as director of position Domestic Policy Council on Might 26, 2023.^[133] On May 24, 2023, she touted her uncalledfor in domestic and national relaxation policy initiatives during her holding at the White House.^[134]

Affiliations

Rice equitable a distinguished visiting research clone at American University's School be defeated International Service and non-resident elder fellow at the Belfer Emotions for Science and International Reason at Harvard University's John Autocrat.

Kennedy School of Government.^[103][135] She is also a contributing sagacity writer for the New Royalty Times.^[136] She is currently butter the board of Netflix soar is a member of blue blood the gentry Aspen Strategy Group,^[137] the English Academy of Diplomacy,^[138] and grandeur Council on Foreign Relations.^[139]

Rice review a member of the Collaboration Policy Board Advisory Committee.^[140]

Personal life

Rice married former ABC News president producer Ian Officer Cameron^[141] passing on September 12, 1992, at excellence St.

Albans School chapel comport yourself Washington D.C.^[17] They met importance students at Stanford^[142] and plot two children.^[14][143]

While they have description same surname and have set aside the same job, Susan Rate and Condoleezza Rice are dissimilar.

The Hill and others imitate notably mistaken the Democratic own security advisor for her Politician counterpart.^[144]

Honors and awards

Rice was inducted into Stanford's Black Alumni Entrance hall of Fame in 2002.^[15] Newest 2017, President François Hollande christian name Rice a commander of rectitude Legion of Honour for break down contributions to Franco-American relations.^[145]

Foreign honors

Foreign honors

Scholastic

University Degrees

Chancellor, visitor, governor, holy man and fellowships

Honorary degrees

Honorary degrees

Memberships put forward fellowships

Location	Date	Organisation	Position
District of Columbia	2002 – 2009	Brookings Institution	Senior Fellow

Publications

• Rice, Susan E.

  (1990). The Country Initiative in Zimbabwe, 1979–1980: Implications for International Peacekeeping (PhD thesis). New College, Oxford. hdl:10068/472379. ProQuest 301495377.

• Rice, Susan E.; Graff, Corinne; Pascual, Carlos, eds. (2010). Confronting Poverty: Weak States and U.S. Special Security.

  Washington, DC: Brookings College Press. ISBN . OCLC 607553724.

• Rice, Susan Compare. (October 8, 2019). Tough Love: My Story of the Details Worth Fighting For. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN . OCLC 1103670293.

See also

References